What is the record number of agnatic sovereigns reigning concurrently? The house of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha has been reigning in Belgium since 1830, reigned in Portugal from 1853 to 1910, reigned in Bulgaria from 1887 to 1948, and reigned in the United Kingdom from 1901 to 1917.
This would mean that between 1901 and 1910 (the entire reign of King Edward VII of Great Britain), there were actually four monarchs sitting on thrones who shared a common male-line ancestor: Duke Franz of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld.
Has there ever been a period in history with more than that? Both the Habsburgs and the Bourbons branched out, like the house of Glücksburg; so it's possible ... In modern royal history, it's remarkable to have even two reigning monarchs who are agnates: Queen Elizabeth II was the last male-line descendant of the Coburgs to sit on the British throne. Her 70-year reign overlapped with those of three kings of Belgium -- Baudouin, Albert II, and Philippe.
Well, even with the exit of Queen Margrethe II of Denmark, there will still be two male-line descendants of King Christian IX reigning. And this should continue for some time, since the next two direct heirs to King Charles III of Great Britain are male, as is the present heir-apparent to King Harald V of Norway.
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