This varied group includes the likes of Infante Miguel de la Paz of Portugal (1498-1500), grandson of the famous Catholics monarchs of Spain, who would have united the Iberian peninsula under one rule had he lived; Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales (1594-1612), eldest son of King James VI/I of Scotland and England; the two dauphins of France under the reign of the famous "Sun" King Louis XIV; Prince William, Duke of Gloucester (1689-1700), whose death prompted Britain's parliament to pass the fateful Act of Settlement in 1701; Prince Frederick of the United Kingdom, Duke of York (1763-1827), second son of King George III, Prince Edward of the United Kingdom, Duke of Kent (1767-1820), fourth son of King George III and father of Queen Victoria; and Prince Luitpold of Bavaria (1821-1912), who served as regent of the kingdom for the last 26 years of his life, during which time he was heir presumptive to the throne.
Prince Knud of Denmark (1900-1976) obviously doesn't count, for it was a constitutional amendment changing the law that prevented him from sitting on the throne -- not survival (he had survived his older brother, King Frederik IX, by four years).
Anyhow, bearing all this in mind, I was wondering about a list of royal females who would have succeeded as queens regnant, had they lived. There are several coming to mind, off the top of my head: Infanta Isabel (1470-1498), mother of Infante Miguel de la Paz, who became the queen of Portugal and who would have become the queen of Spain had she lived; Mary, Queen of Scots, who might have succeeded Queen Elizabeth I on the English throne, had she not been so misguided in her actions, eventually leading her to the block and the axe; the Electress Sophia of Hanover, who was heiress presumptive to Queen Anne on the British throne for the last 12 years of her life; Princess Charlotte of Wales (1796-1817), whose tragic death in childbirth prompted several uncles to cast aside their mistresses and marry princesses, in the race to produce heirs to the British throne; and Princess Elizabeth Georgina of Clarence (1820-1821), daughter of the future King William IV, hailed at her christening as "Little Queen Bess".
Can anybody name additional examples? Infanta Maria de las Mercedes of Spain (1880-1904) obviously doesn't count, despite the fact that she was heiress presumptive to the throne (first in the line of succession, no less) until her dying day. Her only brother )King Alfonso XIII) although unmarried at the time, would eventually marry Princess Ena of Battenberg and father multiple children by her. So one can't say that only death prevented her succession.
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