E-commerce (electronic commerce) refers to buying and selling goods and services through the internet. Over the past decade, it has become one of the most important parts of the global economy, changing how businesses operate and how consumers shop.

One of the main advantages of e-commerce is convenience. Customers can shop anytime and anywhere, compare prices easily, and access a wide range of products without visiting physical stores. For businesses, e-commerce reduces operating costs, allows access to international markets, and makes it easier to analyze customer behavior using digital tools.

E-commerce also supports innovation. Technologies such as mobile payments, artificial intelligence, and personalized recommendations improve the shopping experience and increase customer satisfaction. Small businesses and startups especially benefit from online platforms, as they can compete with larger companies without needing significant upfront investment.