Prince Gustaf of Sweden, Duke of Uppland (1825-1852) was the second son of King Oscar I: he, too, was the *spare* in the succession who would have become king, had he lived.
Ditto for Prince Alexander of the Netherlands (1851-1884): born the third son of King Willem III, he grew up as the second son (Prince Maurits, who had been born as the second, died in childhood before his younger brother was born).
What are other examples? Once again, I have to make a qualification because of the tricky situation with childhood mortality: I'm focusing only on functional second sons (such as the Dutch example of Alexander) -- who themselves survived to adulthood.
Of course, this could easily lead to an expanded discussion of younger sons in general ... I say this because the man we know in history as Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, father of Queen Victoria WOULD have become king had he lived -- despite having been born only the FOURTH son of King George III. Indeed, the throne of Hanover (an electorate turned kingdom) was eventually inherited by Prince Ernest Augustus, Duke of Cumberland.
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