Good examples coming to mind are the United Kingdom, where the title Prince(ss), with the qualification of Royal Highness, has traditionally been restricted to children and grandchildren through sons of sovereigns, along with the eldest son of the eldest son of the Prince of Wales (others would be only Highnesses, but this qualifying rank no longer applies today); Russia, where the title Grand Duke/Duchess, with the qualification of Imperial Highness, was restricted to children and grandchildren through sons of sovereigns (great-grandchildren being styled as Prince(ss), with the qualification of Highness); and even Denmark (where the princely title might be unlimited in the dynastic male line, but only children and grandchildren through eldest sons of sovereigns have the qualifying rank of Royal Highness; others are only Highnesses).
Elsewhere, it seems that full titles and styles have been unlimited in dynastic male lines. Certainly this has been the case in all the German houses, imperial Austria, and Liechtenstein (the number of princes and princesses there far exceeds the number of square miles).
Of course, there are restrictions in Spain -- if one is talking of Infantes by RIGHT. Otherwise, there have always been Infantes by GRACE. Not sure about Portugal, though.
As for France (both royal and imperial) and the cadet branches of the Spanish Bourbons: I believe
that titles sand styles have been unlimited in dynastic male lines -- correct? I ask this because there seem to be no restrictions on persons being styled as HRH Prince(ss) Orléans, Bourbon-Parma, or Bourbon-Two Sicilies.
I personally see it poetic justice that titles and styles were unlimited in dynastic male lines specifically in the kingdom of Bavaria, a German dynasty. After all, Kings Ludwig II and Otto, between them, failed to produce a single heir to the throne. Neither son of King Maximilian II ever married, so as to give the country a new queen, or had any children. So it was up to their cousins to secure the continuation of the dynasty by producing heirs -- which they did. In a sense, they married and had the children which "Mad" Ludwig and his brother could/would not have.
Now, had British, Russian, or Danish rules applied, no member of the House of Wittelsbach in the next generation (i.e. the great-grandchildren of King Ludwig I) would have been born to the qualifying rank of Royal Highness; at most, they would have been only Highnesses. In fact, not until l913, with the accession of the self-proclaimed King Ludwig III, would anybody in the said generation become HRH Prince(ss) __ of Bavaria; and even then, this would have been restricted to only his own children and grandchildren through sons. The descendants of his brother Leopold (married to Archduchess Gisela of Austria, a daughter of Emperor Franz Joseph) would have remained excluded.
But fortunately, that was not the case at all: the Bavarian royal court was certainly not teeming with princes and princesses, where one saw children of kings (Ludwig II and Otto) with the full titles and qualifying rank, along with grandchildren through sons of a king (their father, Maximilian II, in the event that he had an hypothetical third son), AS WELL AS patrilineal great-grandchildren of King Ludwig I.
As it was, the only Wittelsbachs in that generation styled as HRH Prince(ss) of Bavaria were the mad kings' first cousins, once removed -- not children, nieces or nephews. The man we know in history as Crown Prince Rupprecht, as well as his children, were all born Royal Highnesses. A good thing.
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