Is a sultan addressed the same as a reigning king or queen- your majesty? How does one address a reigning emir? Is a reigning grand duke addressed different from a non-reigning grand duke?
I think the only head of a grand ducal house who may use the title of grand duke is the (titular) Grand Duke of Tuscany. He would be addressed as Your Imperial and Royal Highness.
By convention, reigning grand dukes are and were Royal Highnesses but then Grand Duke of Tuscany was/is an Imperial Highness as an imperial prince of Austria and also a Royal Highness on account of being a royal prince of Hungary and of Bohemia.
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