We have seen dynastic disputes arise in houses like Brazil, Bourbon-Two Sicilies, and Russia, among others. But you could not list the Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna among those born to heads of houses, despite the fact that her grandfather (Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich) had been long dead by then, and her father (Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich) had assumed headship of the Romanovs. After all, the claims of her father and grandfather were not entirely uncontested. If the position of head of the house is disputed, then one cannot know who exactly to consult, when it comes to consent for marriages. As it is, there are multiple pretenders to the defunct throne of the Russian empire today.
The situation gets even messier when attempts are made to change laws -- especially over gender rights (look at Savoy, Bourbon-Two Sicilies, and Romania).
THAT was the whole reason why I restricted my discussion only to officially enthroned sovereigns, as opposed to claimants or pretenders. Even if the head of the house once reigned, only to eventually get deposed (e.g. Michael of Romania), the situation is not easy. One can't argue with the facts (the constitution of 1923, which made the succession law Salic). I don't need to bring up the added complication of the Lambrino claim ...
You might add the children of Pr. Georg-Friederich of Prussia.
In Tuscany, the pretendant is ADk Sigismund.
His father, ADk Leopold Franz is still living, but renounced his rights in 1993.
ADk Sigismund got married in 1999 so his children would fit the boxes.
Pr. Charles Napoleon, and his siblings were the children of the head of the Bonaparte house, Pr. Louis.
Adss Laetitia-Maria, youngest daughter of ADk Lorenz of Austria-Este is the only one born after her father had become the head of the house.
Pr. Leka of Albania was the son of the the pretender Pr Leka who was himself the son of King Zog.
That's true enough; but if one were to extend the discussion to pretenders, the list would be quite extensive. After all, they would include (among others) the sons of Crown Prince Alexander of Serbia.
There is a reason for my excluding the Romanian princesses, despite the fact that they (unlike Hereditary Prince Peter of Serbia and his brothers) were born to a king who once reigned. Ditto for the children of King Simeon of the Bulgarians.
Speaking of His Majesty: I forgot to include him and his sister, Princess Marie Louise, in the list of additional examples. Both were born to an enthroned sovereign (Tsar Boris), just like their father and his siblings before them.
If pretendants count, then the present duke of Bragança and his brothers were born when Duke D.Duarte Nuno was the then pretendant.
And D.Duarte Pio also got married when he was the pretendant himself and his children were born as the children of the pretendant to the throne.
The current titular Duke of Parma and Piacenza married after his father lost his battle against cancer so both daughters and the prince of Piacenza all three were born while their father was already titular Duke.
All the children born to King Leopold I of the Belgians and his second wife would count, since he remarried after his accession to the throne.
Montenegro: all the children of Prince (later King) Nikola
Bulgaria: all the children of Prince (later Tsar) Ferdinand of the Bulgarians
Romania: the only child of Prince (later King) Carol I, a daughter who died in childhood; the daughters of King Michael I were all born after their father was deposed
Yugoslavia: all the children of King Alexander I Karageorgevich; Crown Prince Alexander today might count, but for the fact that his father (King Peter II) was in exile, and soon got deposed. I'm less certain about the house of Obrenovic.
Parma: the younger children of Filippo, the first duke; all the children of his son and successor, Ferdinando, the second duke. The situation with his successors is less clear (I'm confused about the other thrones affiliated with the dukes, such as Etruria)
I'm less certain about the smaller German dynasties, such as the grand duchies, duchies, and principalities.
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